Many wonder how did Fascim and Islam become blood brothers. Why would Adolf Hitler, and the Nazi Party, embrace Islamists like Mohammed Amin al-Husseini?

It all happened on November 28, 1941 in Berlin, Germany, according to the below historical analysis done by the Jewish Virtural Library.

Mohammed Amin al-Husseini (c. 1897 — July 4, 1974) was a prominent Palestinian Arab nationalist and religious leader. He is best known for serving as the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem from 1921 to 1937 and for his highly controversial collaboration with the Axis powers during World War II.

Key Historical Phases

• Rise to Power (1920s): In 1921, during the British Mandate, al-Husseini was appointed Grand Mufti of Jerusalem by the British High Commissioner, Herbert Samuel. He was also elected president of the Supreme Muslim Council. In these roles, he became a central political and religious leader, fiercely opposing British mandate policies and Jewish immigration to Palestine.

• The Arab Revolt & Exile (1936–1939): He chaired the Arab Higher Committee, which helped orchestrate the 1936–1939 Arab Revolt against British authority. Fearing arrest by the British, he fled Palestine in 1937, continuing to direct nationalist activities from exile in Lebanon and later Iraq.

• World War II & Nazi Collaboration (1941–1945)

  • Seeking an alliance against the British and Zionism, al-Husseini traveled to Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany.
  • On November 28, 1941, he met with Adolf Hitler in Berlin. He sought Axis backing for Arab independence and the prevention of a Jewish homeland in the Middle East.
  • While in Germany, he received a monthly stipend and acted as a major propaganda tool, broadcasting pro-Axis and anti-Semitic radio messages to the Arab world. He also helped recruit Bosnian Muslim volunteers for the Waffen-SS (the 13th Handschar Division).

• Post-War Years (1945–1974): At the end of the war, he was detained by French forces but managed to escape to Egypt in 1946. He spent the remainder of his life in Cairo and Beirut, advocating for the Palestinian cause and opposing the state of Israel until his death in 1974.

Grand Mufti Mohammed Amin al-Husseini with Heinrich Himmler

Muslim members of the Waffen-SS reading Islam und Judentum

WATCH: The Nazi-Islam Alliance? — Amin al-Husseini — WW2 Biography Special

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The Mufti and the Führer

In 1941, Haj Amin al-Husseini fled to Germany and met with Adolf Hitler, Heinrich Himmler, Joachim Von Ribbentrop and other Nazi leaders. He wanted to persuade them to extend the Nazis’ anti-Jewish program to the Arab world.

The Mufti sent Hitler 15 drafts of declarations he wanted Germany and Italy to make concerning the Middle East. One called on the two countries to declare the illegality of the Jewish home in Palestine. Furthermore, “they accord to Palestine and to other Arab countries the right to solve the problem of the Jewish elements in Palestine and other Arab countries, in accordance with the interest of the Arabs and, by the same method, that the question is now being settled in the Axis countries.”¹

On November 28, 1941, the Mufti met with Hitler, who told him the Jews were his foremost enemy. The Nazi dictator rebuffed the Mufti’s requests for a declaration in support of the Arabs, however, telling him the time was not right. The Mufti offered Hitler his “thanks for the sympathy which he had always shown for the Arab and especially Palestinian cause, and to which he had given clear expression in his public speeches….The Arabs were Germany’s natural friends because they had the same enemies as had Germany, namely….the Jews….” Hitler replied:

Germany stood for uncompromising war against the Jews. That naturally included active opposition to the Jewish national home in Palestine….Germany would furnish positive and practical aid to the Arabs involved in the same struggle….Germany’s objective [is]…solely the destruction of the Jewish element residing in the Arab sphere….In that hour the Mufti would be the most authoritative spokesman for the Arab world. The Mufti thanked Hitler profusely.²

Two German historians say that Hitler had a plan to extend the Holocaust to the Middle East and had forged an alliance with Arab nationalists. This is perhaps why Hitler met with the Mufti and provided him a budget of 750,000 Reichsmark per month to foment a jihad in Palestine. The alliance did not alter Hitler’s racist views toward Arabs reflected in his refusal to shake the Mufti’s hand or drink coffee with him.³

In 1945, Yugoslavia sought to indict the Mufti as a war criminal for his role in recruiting 20,000 Muslim volunteers for the SS, who participated in the killing of Jews in Croatia and Hungary. He escaped from French detention in 1946, however, and continued his fight against the Jews from Cairo and later Beirut. He died in 1974.

A document attesting to the connection between Nazi Germany and the Mufti was released in March 2017. In the letter published by the National Library of Israel Archives, SS Chief Heinrich Himmler heaps praise upon Mufti al-Husseini, stating that the Nazi leadership  has been closely following the battle of freedom-seeking Arabs – and especially in Palestine – against the Jewish invaders. Himmler ends the letter by bidding the Mufti warm wishes for the continuation of your battle until the big victory.  This letter was delivered in the Fall of 1943, two years after the Mufti’s famous meeting with Adolf Hitler.⁴

Sources:
¹ “Grand Mufti Plotted To Do Away With All Jews In Mideast,” Response, (Fall 1991), pp. 2-3.
² Record of the Conversation Between the Fuhrer and the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem on November 28, 1941, in the Presence of Reich Foreign Minister and Minister Grobba in Berlin, Documents on German Foreign Policy, 1918-1945, Series D, Vol. XIII, London, 1964, p. 881ff in Walter Lacquer and Barry Rubin, The Israel-Arab Reader, (NY: Facts on File, 1984), pp. 79-84.
³ Von Jan Friedman, “New Research Taints Image of Desert Fox Rommel,” Der Spiegel, (May 23, 2007).
⁴ Letter written to Grand Mufti from Himmler uncovered, YNet News, (March 30, 2017)

©2026 Dr. Richard M. Swier, LTC U.S. Army (Ret.). All rights reserved.

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